Most Important Topics for 71st BPSC Mains Exam – Complete Subject-Wise Guide

1. INTRODUCTION

Hello friends i am Dy SP Shahid Eqwal BPSC 60-62 Batch and BPSC 63rd Batch qualified candidate. I secured Rank 39 in BPSC 63rd Batch. I strongly feel that education must be free and fair for everybody and reach beyond social barriers. The most basic idea about creating this website is to disseminate my assumptions for free education. In this article i am going to discuss some most important topics for 71th BPSC Mains exam. First of all we will look into BPSC Mains Exam pattern and after that we will deliberate upon important syllabus wise most important topics for 71st BPSC Mains exam.

2. BPSC MAINS EXAM QUESTION PATTERN

As per latest BPSC Mains Exam pattern, candidates qualifying Pre exams are required to appear in mains exam which consists of four subjective papers and one objective paper. These five papers are listed below.

• General Hindi
• General Studies Paper-1
• General Studies Paper-2
• Essay
• Optional Subject

Let’s discuss now the question pattern and important topics of each BPSC Mains Paper.

2.1 GENERAL HINDI

The first paper of mains exam is general Hindi which consists of total 100 marks. Hindi is simply qualifying in nature and Hindi marks is not included in merit list preparation. A candidate is supposed to score 30 marks out of 100 marks to qualify. If you observe the Hindi question paper then you realize that questions are being asked as essay writing, precis writing, grammar and sentence formation. Candidates writing mains exam in Hindi medium are not required to be worried for qualifying in Hindi but candidates writing in English must be careful for qualifying in Hindi. It is pertinent to mention that if you score qualifying marks in mains exam and fail in Hindi then your result will not be considered for interview.

2.2 GENERAL STUDIES PAPER-1

The second paper of BPSC Mains exam is General Studies Paper 1. Following subjects are part of general studies paper 1.

• Part-1: Indian History and Culture
• Part-2: Current events of National and International Importance
• Part-3: Statistics

General Studies Paper 1 consist of 300 marks. Out of 300 marks, 114 marks are assigned to part-1 i.e Indian History and Culture, 114 marks are assigned to Part-2 i.e Current events of National and International Importance and 72 marks are assigned to part-3 i.e Statistics. Now lets discuss number of questions being asked and number of questions to be replied by candidates in each part i.e part-1, part-2 and part-3 of General Studies Paper-1.

QUESTION PATTERN HISTORY

A candidate is supposed to answer only 3 questions out of 5 questions being asked in history. Question No. 01 of the part-1 i.e Indian history and culture is short answer question and the same is divided into 5 sub questions of 8/7 Marks each totaling 38 Marks. Question No. 02 & Question No. 03 of the part-1 i.e Indian history and culture is long answer question. Further Question No. 02 & Question No. 03 each have two questions and a candidates is required to choose one question each from Question No. 02 & Question No. 03. Question No. 02 & Question No. 03 also carry 38 marks thus making total marks 114 for Indian history and culture.

MOST IMPORTANT TOPICS FOR 71ST BPSC MAINS EXAM : HISTORY

It is advised not to read any special book in respect of history for bpsc mains exam. Just check syllabus meticulously and select topic mentioned thereof. Here are the list of all topics you must cover to prepare history for BPSC Mains exam. You must abstain reading anything apart from these topics.

• Sathal Revolt
• Munda Revolt
• Tribal revolt in Indian freedom struggle.
• Important tribal revolts of Bihar.
• Patna Kalam Painting
• Mauryan Art
• Pal Art
• Effect of religion on Pal art and Mauryan Art.
• Nagara, Dravida and Vesara style of temple architecture
• Thoughs of Gandhi
• Thought of Nehru
• Thoughts of Rabindra
• Causes of Sepoy mutiny of 1857.
• Rise of Nationalism in India
• Economic impact of British rule in India
• Concept of drain of wealth
• Orientalist-Anglicist controversy
• Downward Filtration Theory
• Land revenue system of British India
• Mahalwari system
• Ryotwari system
• Permanent settlement
• Lord Dalhousie
• Lord Curzon
• Boycott and Swadeshi movement
• Rise and progress of revolutionary movements in India
• Role of Subash Chandra Bose in India struggle for freedom
• Khilafat movement
• Rowlatt Act
• Communal Award and Poona Pact
• The Cripps Mission
• Cabinet Mission
• Wood Despatch
• Government of India Act 1858
• Government of India Act 1892
• Morley-Minto Act 1909
• Government of India Act 1919
• Government of India Act 1935
• Mutiny of 1857 and Bihar
• Kunwar Singh and Mutiny of 1857
• Champaran Satyagrah and Bihar
• Non Cooperation Movement and Bihar
• Civil Disobedience Movement and Bihar
• Quit India Movement and Bihar
• Quit India Movement and Jai Prakash Narayan
• Role of women of Bihar in Indian freedom struggle.
• Role of Peasants of Bihar in Indian freedom struggle post Champaran Satyagrah.
• Kisan Sabha and Swami Sahzanand Saraswati.
• Thoughts of Jai Prakash Narayan
• Development of Western & Technical education in India
• Development of Western &Technical Education in Bihar

QUESTION PATTERN CURRENT AFFAIRS

Current events of national and international importance is a part-2 of General Studies Paper-1. Question No. 01 of the part-2 i.e Current events of National and International Importance is short answer question and the same is divided into 5 sub questions of 8/7 Marks each totaling 38 Marks.

Question No. 02 & Question No. 03 of the part-2 i.e Current events of National and International Importance is long answer question. Further Question No. 02 & Question No. 03 each have two questions and a candidate is required to choose one question each from Question No. 02 & Question No. 03. Question No. 02 & Question No. 03 also carry 38 marks thus making total marks 114 for Current events of National and International Importance.

MOST IMPORTANT TOPICS FOR 71ST BPSC MAINS EXAM : CURRENT AFFAIRS

In this paragraph i am going to list some important topic of current affairs for 65th BPSC Mains. You are requested to prepare notes on these topics and revise the same properly. it is most likely that questions will be asked out of these topics only. Some of these topics are equally important for Indian Polity Section of GS Paper-2 and Indian Geography and Economics Section of GS Paper-2.

• SCO and India.
• BRICS and India
• China and India.
• India and Nepal
• India and ASEAN
• SAARC, BIMSTEC and India.
• India-EU relation after Brexit.
• QUAD and China
• AUKUS
• ‘Election Freebies’
• I2U2 grouping
• Ethnic violence in Manipur
• National Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI).
• NATO+ and India
• Gender equality in India
• NRC and illegal immigrant.
• Regional Trade Blocks and India (RCEP).
• Problem in West Asia and India.
• USA and India
• India and UNO (Permanent Membership in Security Council).
• Indian Ocean Maritime Security in context of south China Sea.
• India and Central Asia (Geopolitics and Scope of Economic Cooperation).
• India and Bangladesh relationship
• India and Pakistan
• World happiness report and India
• World gender gap report and India
• World hunger report and India
• World press freedom index
• One Nation, One Election
• Role of Governor and Centre–State relations
• Electoral reforms and election funding
• Global conflicts and their impact on India
• Saat-Nischay 3 scheme
• Russia–Ukraine conflict and global implications
• Israel–Palestine issue and West Asia stability
• Global economic slowdown and recession risks
• Trade protectionism

QUESTION PATTERN STATISTICS

Total number of 4 questions being asked in part-3 i.e in Statistics, out of which candidate is supposed to answer 2 questions. Each question carry 36 marks thus making  total marks 72 for Statistics.

2.3 GENERAL STUDIES PAPER-2

The third Paper of BPSC Mains exam is General Studies Paper 2. Following topics are included in general studies paper 2.

• Part-1: Indian polity
• Part-2: Geography and Economics of India
• Part-3: Science and Technology

General Studies Paper 2 consist of 300 marks. Out of 300 marks, 114 marks are assigned to part-1 i.e Indian polity, 114 marks are assigned to Part-2 i.e Geography and Economics of India and 72 marks are assigned to part-3 i.e Science and Technology. Now lets discuss number of questions being asked and number of questions to be replied by candidates in each part i.e part-1, part-2 and part-3 of General Studies Paper-2.

QUESTION PATTERN INDIAN POLITY

Indian Polity is a part of General Studies Paper-2. A candidate is supposed to answer only 3 questions out of 5 questions being asked in polity. Question No. 01 of the part-1 i.e Indian Polity is compulsory short answer question and the same is divided into 5 sub questions of 8/7 Marks each totalling 38 Marks.

Question No. 02 & Question No. 03 of the part-1 i.e Indian Polity is long answer question. Further Question No. 02 & Question No. 03 each have two questions and a candidate is required to choose one question each from Question No. 02 & Question No. 03. Question No. 02 & Question No. 03 also carry 38 marks thus making total marks 114 for Indian Polity.

MOST IMPORTANT TOPICS FOR 71ST BPSC MAINS EXAM : INDIAN POLITY

In this paragraph i am going to list some important topics of Indian Polity for 71st BPSC Mains exam. You are requested to prepare notes on these topics and revise the same again and again.

• Article 370.
• Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA).
• Characteristics of Indian Constitution.
• Characteristic of federal structure of Indian constitution.
• The concept of separation of power.
• Right to equality (Article 14)
• Right to Freedom (Article 19).
• Right of Life (Article 21).
• Fake encounter and Article 21
• Internet Shutdown & Article 21
• Right to constitutional remedy (Article 32)
• Classification of DPSP
• Conflict between Fundamental Rights and DPSP.
• Basic Structure of Indian constitution.
• Implementation of DPSP in India
• Implementation of DPSP in Bihar
• President of India: Power
• Constitutional position of President of India.
• National Emergency (Article 352)
• President rule in Indian states (Article 356).
• Financial Emergency (Article 360)
• Provision of amendment in Indian constitution.
• Basic Structure of Indian constitution.
• Characteristic of federal structure of Indian constitution.
• Power and jurisdiction of High Court.
• Power and jurisdiction of Supreme Court.
• No Confidence motion.
• Ordinance power of President and Governor
• Pardoning power of President of India.
• Presidential form of government
• Parliamentary privilege
• Functional role of Indian Parliament
• Sovereignty of Parliament
• Comparison of Indian and American vice president
• Veto power of President of India
• Governor of state: Power.
• Constitutional position of Governor.
• Special status for the state of Bihar
• Liquor ban in the state of Bihar
• Panchayati Raj (73rd constitutional amendment).
• Salient features of 73rd constitutional amendment act.
• Characteristic of Indian Political system.
• Anti Defection law in India.
• Pressure group in India.
• Influence of caste in Bihar political system.
• Electoral reforms.
• Citizens’ grievances redressal system in India
• Electoral bonds
• Judicial reforms
• Lok Adalat
• Police reforms
• Model code of conduct
• Good governance
• Uniform Civil Code
• Right to Information Act (RTI)
• E-Governance
• Principle of India Foreign Policy
• Effect of regional parties in Indian Political System.
• Public interest litigation (PIL)
• Judicial activism vs Judicial restraint
• Soft power foreign diplomacy of India
• Caste politics in context of India
• “The Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners (Appointment Conditions of Service and Term of Office), 2023”.
• Nari Shakti Vandan [Constitution (106th Amendment)] Act, 2023
• Sedition Law in India
• Decriminalization of politics.
• One nation one election.

QUESTION PATTERN INDIAN GEOGRAPHY AND ECONOMICS

As per the latest syllabus of bpsc mains exam, geography of Bihar and geography of India is to be studied. The nature of bpsc mains exam is selective and subjective. Geography and economics is a part of general studies paper 2. A candidate is supposed to answer only 3 out of 5 questions being asked from geography and economics section. Question No. 01 of the part-2 i.e Geography and Economics of India is compulsory short answer question and the same is divided into 5 sub questions of 8/7 Marks each totalling 38 Marks.

Question No. 02 & Question No. 03 of the part-2 i.e Geography and Economics of India is long answer question. Further Question No. 02 & Question No. 03 each have two questions and a candidate is required to choose one question each from Question No. 02 & Question No. 03. Question No. 02 & Question No. 03 also carry 38 marks thus making total marks 114 for Geography and Economics of India.

MOST IMPORTANT TOPICS FOR 71ST BPSC MAINS EXAM : GEOGRAPHY AND ECONOMICS

It is advised not to read any special book in respect of geography for BPSC Mains Exam. Just check syllabus meticulously and prepare notes selectively. Here are the list of some topics you must cover to prepare geography and economics for BPSC Mains Exam. You must also select some other topics based on current events.

GEOGRAPHY

• Characteristic of Indian Monsoon
• Effect of Monsoon on Indian Economy
• Need for agriculture reform in India
• Green revolution: Positive and negative impact
• Second green revolution: Need of the hour
• Food processing industry in India and in Bihar
• Contract farming and farm bill
• Agricultural subsidy
• Blue Economy
• Organic farming
• Pradhanmantri Krishi Sampada scheme and Mega Food Park Scheme
• Inland waterway in India
• Transportation & Industrial/agricultural development
• National Logistics Policy (NLP)
• River dispute among India States
• Flooding and drought in Bihar
• Industrial backwardness of Bihar
• River system of Bihar
• Economic backwardness in Bihar
• River valley project: Pro and Cons
• Contract farming and farm bill
• Demographic dividend
• Migration of labor from Bihar.
• Inland waterway in Bihar
• International trade from Bihar
• Means of irrigation in Bihar
• Urbanization in Bihar
• Sustainable growth
• Urban heat Island
• Rain Shadow area

ECONOMICS

• Unemployment in India
• India and WTO
• Trade war and protectionism.
• Special economic zone
• Inclusive growth
• Make in India and Aatm Nirbhar Bharat
• Poverty and government program to alleviate poverty
• Disinvestment in PSU
• Merger of PSU Banks
• Ease of doing business
• Trade deficit
• Start-up
• Jan Dhan, Aadhaar and Mobile
• Social sector scheme
• Basic infrastructure
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
• Chemical industry in India
• Cotton industry in India
• Iron & Steel industry in India
• Software industry in India
• Corporate social responsibility (CSR)
• Migration in India
• Monetary policy & Fiscal policy
• Monetary policy committee

QUESTION PATTERN SCIENCE AND TECH

Science and technology (applied science) is a part of General Studies paper 2 (section-III) in bpsc mains exam. A total number of 3 question being asked in this section and out of these 3 questions a candidate is supposed to answer only 2. Question No. 01 of the part-3 i.e Science and Technology is compulsory short answer question and the same is divided into 5 sub questions of 7/6 Marks each totalling 36 Marks.

Question No. 02 of Part-3 i.e Science & Tech have two questions and a candidate is required to choose one question from Question No. 02. Question No. 02 carry 36 marks each thus making total marks 72 marks for Science & Tech.

MOST IMPORTANT TOPICS FOR 71ST BPSC MAINS EXAM : SCIENCE AND TECH

BPSC mains exam is subjective in nature and questions are based on analysis. Here i will advise you to select some important topics and prepare them exhaustively. I am not going to recommend any book for preparing science and technology for bpsc mains. Just go through past year questions and prepare notes with the help of Internet/Wikipedia/YouTube. Keep one thing in mind while preparing notes. Don’t emphasize much on theoretical/technical part of any topic in notes preparation. Focus on day to day application/use of that topic for developmental activities. Please include these topics for preparation of notes.

INDIAN SPACE PROGRAMME

• Satellite Launch Vehicle; SLV, SLV III, ASLV, PSLV, GSLV, GSLV III.
• Characteristic of Indian Space Programme.
• Use of space technology for development of India.
• Upcoming projects of ISRO
• Gayanyan Mission
• Chandrayan-3
• Aditya L-1 Mission
• LMV-3
• Reusable Satellite Launch Vehicle (RSLV)
• Space Debris
• Mission Shakti
• James Webb Telescope
• Indian Space Policy – 2023

DEFENCE REASERCH AND TECHNOLOGY

• Application of drone technology.
• Integrated guided missile development programme (IGMPD)
• Anti-ballistic missile development programme.
• Use of technology in border management.
• Science and technology in defence equipment production.

ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY

• Environmental pollution; Special focus on Air pollution.
• Waste management.
• Causes and effects of climate change on human.
• Global warming; Reasons and effects.
• Bio Diversity.
• Plastic Pollution.
• Bio Diversity.
• Illegal mining and its environmental impact.

ENERGY RESOURCES

• Renewable energy resources in context of India.
• Nuclear energy in India.
• Energy generation from urban and industrial waste.
• Electric Mobility in India.
• Solar Energy.

MISCELLANEOUS

• Organic farming.
• Use of Robot technology; Pro and Cons.
• Cyber security in India.
• Social media; Positive and negative aspects.
• Application of Nano technology.
• Application of Bio Technology.
• GM Crops.
• Use of technology in agriculture.
• DNA Profiling; Issue of conflicts.
• Food Fortification technology.
• 3 D Printing.
• 5G Technology.
• Artificial Intelligence (AI).
• Internet of Things (IoT).
• National Quantum Mission (NQM).
• Rare Earth Metals.
• Super conductivity.
• Gravitational Waves.
• Super Computers in India.
• Application of Blockchain technology.
• Crypto currency.
• Application of drone technology.
• Net neutrality.
• Cloud seeding.
• ChatGPT technique.
• Antimicrobial resistance (AMR).

2.4 ESSAY

In the latest pattern of the BPSC (Main) examination, the essay has emerged as a crucial factor for success. The 68th BPSC (Main) examination included an essay paper for the first time, carrying 300 marks. This paper can play a significant role in determining the merit list because the range of marks obtained by candidates in the essay can be very wide. This means that one candidate might score only 50 marks out of 300 in the essay paper, while another might score around 200 marks. This difference of 150 marks not only affects your rank but also becomes decisive in your final selection.

Therefore, it is essential to develop a comprehensive strategy for preparing for this paper instead of neglecting it. Preparation based on a well-defined strategy can certainly help you secure better marks in the essay paper and play a crucial role in your success.
It is important to note that the essay is a subjective paper, and there is no fixed formula for its preparation. It is also not appropriate to make precise predictions about the marks one might obtain; however, there are certain techniques, methods, and facts that can pave the way for better performance in the essay paper. The fourth Paper of BPSC Mains exam is Essay. Following topics are included in Essay.

• Part-1: India’s national issues and social concerns
• Part-2: India’s economic, political, and cultural diversity / pressing international issues
• Part-3: The art, culture, proverbs, and idioms of Bihar.

QUESTION PATTERN ESSAY

In the Essay paper of Bihar Public Service Commission Mains, there are 3 sections, and each section contains 4 essay questions. Candidates are required to attempt one question from each section.

Each essay carries 100 marks, making the total marks 300. The paper tests clarity of thought, balanced opinion, structure, and relevance to current national, international, and Bihar-related issues.

MOST IMPORTANT TOPICS OF ESSAY FOR 71 ST BPSC MAINS EXAM

It is important to note that the essay is a subjective paper, and there is no fixed formula for preparing for it. Similarly, it is not possible to make accurate predictions about the marks one will receive; however, there are certain techniques, strategies, and facts that can pave the way for better performance in the essay paper.

INDIA’S NATIONAL ISSUES AND SOCIAL CONCERNS

• Women’s Empowerment
• Population Control
• Farmer Loan Waiver
• Electoral Reforms
• Mob Justice: A New Trend
• Indian Media: Representative of Corporate Interests or the Fourth Pillar of Democracy?
• Relevance of the Death Penalty in India
• Unemployment in India

INDIA’S ECONOMIC, POLITICAL AND CULTURAL DIVERSITY/PRESSING INTERNATIONAL ISSUES

• Global Warming
• India in the 21st Century
• Environmental Sustainability and Economic Development
• Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav (75th Anniversary of Indian Independence)
• One Nation, One Election
• Cashless Economy
• Innovation and Entrepreneurship in India
• India: Towards Becoming a Sporting Superpower
• Rural-Urban Divide in India
• The Fight Against Poverty and Climate Change: A Challenge for Developing Countries
• The Role of Soft Power in India’s Foreign Policy Formulation
• The Relevance of the Non-Aligned Movement
• Environmental Pollution
• Renewable Energy Resources
• Judicial Independence
• India: Smart Cities or Smart Villages
• Science, Internet, and Technology: A Boon or a Bane

THE ART, CULTURE, PROVERBS AND IDIOMS OF BIHAR

• hansle ghar basela
• helal bhaisiya pani mein
• nav ke lakdi, nabbe kharch
• hathi chale bazaar, kukur bhonke hazaar
• khet khay gadha, maral jay jolha
• na naihare sukh, na sasure sukh
• supwa hanse chalniya ke ki tora mein sathattar chhed
• sab dhan baaise paseri
• kehu heera chor, kehu kheera chor
• hawa ke aanga, bena ke batas
• futli aankhon na sohala
• udho ke lena, na madho ke dena
• kath ke hadiya chadhe na dujo baar
• guru gud rah gailan, chela cheeni ho gaile
• ghar ke bhediya lanka dhaahe
• mual ghoda ke ghaas khail
• chamdi jay par damdi na jay
• jaisan boab, oisne katab
• jekar banri uhe nachawe, dosar nachawe ta kaate dhaave
• dudharu gay ke lato sahal jaala
• jetna ke babua na otna ke jhunjhuna
• baag ke baag chauriye ba
• nav nagad na terah udhar
• paisa na kaudi beech bazaar mein dauda-daudi
• mai chale gali-gali, beta bane bajrangbali
• roop na rang, muh dekhaiye maangtaade
• khaye ke thekan na, nahaaye ke tadke
• rahe ke thekan na pandain maangas dera
• kafan mein jeb na, dafan mein bhev
• bhookh ta chhuchh ka, neend ta kharhar ka
• gaj bhar ke gaji miya nav haath ke ponch
• chhati par mung dar
• bhediya-dhansan, ghamasan, bhed-chaal
• hans ke mantri kauaa
• hansua ke biah, khurpi ke geet
• os ke chatla se pyaas na mite
• aanga naath na paachha pagha
• okhar mein haath, musar ke deni dosh
• maad-bhaat-chokha, kabho na kare dhokha
• karam foote ta fate bewai
• koila se heera, keechad se phool
• teli ke jare masaal, masaalchi ke fate kapaar
• teen mein na terah mein
• kahla se dhobi gadha par na chadhe
• daal-bhaat ke cover
• billiya ke nazar muswe par
• lur-luput bai muale p jaai
• raja ke motiye ke dukh ba
• akkil gail ghaas chare
• ghar foote jawar loote
• mangni ke bail ke daant na ginaaye
• na nau man tel hoi, na radha nachihen
• chaube gailan chhabbe bane, doobe ban ke ailan
• aandhar kukur batase bhonke
• laad da ladwa da, ghare le pahunchwa da
• padalen ram kukur ke paale
• anda sikhawe bachcha ke, bachcha karu chev-chev
• laat ke devta baat se na maane
• je na dekhan athanni-chawanni, u dekhal rupaiya

3. CONCLUSION

I hope i have clarified every aspects of 71 st BPSC Mains Exam along with important topics subject wise. Follow suggestions mentioned in this article for preparation.