Chapter 3: Fibre to fabric
These NCERT Class 6 Science Chapter 3 notes explain how clothes are made from fibres and fabrics. The chapter introduces students to natural fibres obtained from plants and animals, such as cotton, wool, and silk.
NCERT Class 6 Science Chapter 3 – Fibre to Fabric helps students understand the journey from raw fibre to fabric, including important processes like ginning, spinning, weaving, and knitting. It also explains the role of animal rearing and agriculture in textile production.
This chapter builds basic awareness about resources, occupations, and everyday materials, which is important for understanding science in daily life.
1. Clothes we wear
- Clothes are made from fabrics
- Fabrics are made from fibres
- Fibres are thin, thread-like structures
- Many fibres together form yarn and fabric
- Clothes protect our body and make us comfortable
2. Types of fibres
- Fibres are classified into two main types
- Natural fibres are obtained from plants and animals
- Synthetic fibres are man-made
- This chapter focuses only on natural fibres
- Synthetic fibres are studied in higher classes
3. Natural fibres
- Natural fibres are obtained from nature
- Some fibres come from plants
- Some fibres come from animals
- Natural fibres are used to make cotton, wool, silk clothes
- They are commonly used in daily life
4. Fibres from plants
- Cotton is obtained from the cotton plant
- Cotton grows well in black soil
- Cotton requires a warm climate
- Cotton fibre grows around the seeds
- These fibre-covered seeds are called cotton bolls
5. Ginning of cotton
- Ginning means separating cotton fibres from seeds
- Earlier, ginning was done by hand
- Today, ginning is done using machines
- Ginning makes fibres ready for further use
- It is an important step in cotton processing
6. Fibres from animals
- Wool is obtained from the hair of animals
- Animals giving wool include sheep, goat, yak, camel
- Sheep wool is the most commonly used
- Wool keeps the body warm
- Woollen clothes are used in cold regions
7. Rearing of sheep
- Rearing means looking after animals
- It includes feeding, shelter, and health care
- Sheep are reared in hilly areas
- Sheep are also reared in plains and grasslands
- Proper rearing gives good quality wool
8. Processing of wool
- Shearing means removing hair from the sheep
- Scouring means washing wool to remove dirt and grease
- Sorting means separating fibres based on quality
- Dyeing means adding colour to fibres
- Spinning means making yarn from fibres
9. Silk
- Silk is obtained from the silkworm
- Silkworm feeds on mulberry leaves
- Silk fibres are soft and shiny
- Silk is used to make fine clothes
- Silk is an important natural fibre
10. Life cycle of silkworm
- The life cycle starts with the egg
- Egg changes into larva (caterpillar)
- Larva changes into pupa
- Pupa develops into an adult moth
- Silk fibre is obtained during the pupa stage
11. Sericulture
- Sericulture means rearing of silkworms for silk
- It is an important agricultural activity
- India is a major producer of silk
- Sericulture provides employment
- It supports rural economy
12. Types of silk
- Mulberry silk is the most common silk
- Tasar silk is obtained from wild silkworms
- Eri silk is soft and durable
- Muga silk is famous for its golden colour
- Different silks are produced in different regions of India
13. Spinning
- Spinning means making yarn from fibres
- It is done using a hand spindle
- Charkha is also used for spinning
- Modern spinning is done using machines
- Spinning is essential before weaving
14. Weaving and knitting
- Weaving is the process of making fabric from yarn
- Weaving is done using handloom
- Powerloom is used in factories
- Knitting is used to make sweaters and socks
- Knitting uses a single yarn
15. Importance of this chapter
- Helps students understand how clothes are made
- Explains the link between agriculture and industry
- Shows the role of animal rearing
- Useful for understanding daily life science
- Important for NCERT, BPSC, and UPSC foundation
16. Important keywords and definitions
- Fibre: A thin, thread-like structure used to make fabric
- Fabric: Cloth made by weaving or knitting yarn
- Cotton: A natural fibre obtained from the cotton plant
- Wool: A natural fibre obtained from animal hair
- Silk: A natural fibre obtained from silkworm
- Ginning: Process of separating cotton fibres from seeds
- Shearing: Process of removing hair from sheep
- Sericulture: Rearing of silkworms for silk production
- Spinning: Process of making yarn from fibres
- Weaving: Process of making fabric from yarn
Understanding NCERT Class 6 Science Chapter 3 helps students learn how natural resources are converted into useful products like clothes. The chapter also highlights traditional practices such as sericulture and wool production, which are important in India.
The ideas discussed in Fibre to Fabric form a foundation for learning about industries, materials, and human activities.
Continue reading NCERT Class 6 Science Chapter 4 – Sorting Materials into Groups to understand different materials and their properties.
FAQs
Q1. What are fibres according to NCERT Class 6 Science Chapter 3?
Fibres are thin, thread-like structures used to make fabrics.
Q2. What are natural fibres?
Natural fibres are fibres obtained from plants and animals, such as cotton, wool, and silk.
Q3. What is sericulture?
Sericulture is the rearing of silkworms to obtain silk.
Q4. What is spinning?
Spinning is the process of making yarn from fibres.
Q5. Why is this chapter important for exams?
It explains basic concepts of fibres, fabrics, and traditional industries, useful for school exams and BPSC foundation.